UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

The University of Arizona (also referred to as U of A, UA, or Arizona) is a attainable assay university amidst in Tucson, Arizona, United States. UA was the ancient university in the accessory of Arizona, founded in 1885 (twenty-seven years afore the Arizona Territory able statehood). The university includes the Banner-University Medical Center Tucson, which operates a absent 4-year M.D. academy in city-limits Phoenix. As of Fall 2014 complete accepting was 42,236 students. The University of Arizona is complete by the Arizona Board of Regents. The mission of the University of Arizona is, "To beforehand the diplomacy and beautify the lives of the bodies of Arizona and the angel through education, research, aesthetic expression, and affiliation and business partnerships." Arizona is one of the adopted assembly of the Affiliation of American Universities (an alignment of North America's accomplished assay institutions) and is the abandoned adumbrative from the accessory of Arizona to this group.
Known as the Arizona Wildcats (often below to "Cats"), the able teams are assembly of the Pacific-12 Conference in the NCAA. UA athletes acquire won borough titles in several sports, a lot of clearly men's basketball, baseball, and softball. The official colors of the university and its able teams are Cardinal Red and Navy Blue.

ECONOMY OF THE UNITED STATES

"Social problems of the United States" redirects here. For added agreeable problems in the United States, see Agreeable issues in the United States.
Economy of the United States
Above Gotham.jpg
New York City, the cyberbanking centermost of the United States and the world.[1]
Currency US$ (USD)
IncreaseDollar Index
Fiscal year
October 1, 2014 – September 30, 2015
Statistics
GDP $18.124 affluence (nominal; 2015)[2]
$18.124 affluence (PPP; 2015)[2]
GDP rank 1st (nominal) / 2nd (PPP)
GDP growth
Increase3.7% (Q2 2015)[3][4][5]
GDP per capita
$56,421 (2014)[2]
9th (nominal) / 10th (PPP)
GDP by sector
Agriculture: 1.2%
Industry: 19%
Services: 80%
(2011)[6]
Inflation (CPI)
Increase 1.7% (May 2015)[7]
Population below abasement line
13.66% (2015)[8]
Gini coefficient
.38 (2013)[9]
Labor force
156 abecedarian (8.6 mil. unemployed)[10][11]
Labor force by occupation
Farming, Forestry, and Fishing: 0.7%
Manufacturing, Extraction, Transportation, and Crafts: 12%
Managerial, Professional, and Technical: 38%
Sales and Office: 23%
Installation and Maintenance: 3.3%
Other Services: 23%
(June 2014)
[note: abstracts exclude the unemployed][12]
Unemployment 5.3% (June 2015)[13]
Main industries
petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunication, chemicals, accoutrements industry, electronics, aliment processing, chump goods, lumber, mining
Ease-of-doing-business rank
7th[14]
External
Exports $1.62 affluence (2014)[15]
Export goods
capital goods, 33.9%
industrial supplies, 31.2%
consumer accouterments (except automotive), 12.3%
motor cars and components, 9.8%
food, feed, and beverages, 8.9%
other, 3.9%. (2014)[16]
Main address partners
Canada 19.3%
Mexico 14.8%
China 7.6%
Japan 4.1%
United Kingdom 3.3%
(2014)[17]
Imports $2.35 affluence (2014)[15]
Import goods
capital goods, 25.2%
consumer accouterments (except automotive), 23.8%
industrial aliment (except awkward oil), 17.8%
motor cars and components, 14.0%
crude oil, 10.5%
food, feed, and beverages, 5.4%
other, 3.3%. (2014)[18]
Main acceptation partners
China 19.9%
Canada 14.8%
Mexico 12.5%
Japan 5.7%
Germany 5.3%
(2014)[17]
FDI stock
$2.8 affluence (2013)[19]
Public finances
Public debt
$18.1 trillion; 102% of GDP (Q1 2015)[20]
Budget deficit
$483 billion, 2.8% of GDP (2014)[21]
Revenues $3.0 affluence (individual assets tax, 46.2%; agreeable insurance, 33.9%; accumulated taxes, 10.6%; other, 9.3% – FY2014)[22]
Expenses $3.5 affluence (Social Security, 24.3%; defense, 17.2%; Medicare, 14.6%; unemployment and added assets security, 14.6%; Medicaid, 11.7%; interest, 6.5%; veterans, 4.3%; apprenticeship and training, 2.6%; other, 4.2% – FY2014)[23]
Economic aid ODA $48 billion, 0.03% of GDP (2012)[24]
Credit rating
Standard & Poor's:[25]
AA+ (Domestic)
AA+ (Foreign)
AAA (T&C Assessment)
Outlook: Stable[26]
Moody's:[26]
AAA
Outlook: Stable[27]
Fitch:[28]
AAA
Outlook: Stable
Foreign reserves
$143 billion (May 16, 2014)[29]
Main abstracts source: CIA Angel Fact Book
All values, unless contrarily stated, are in US dollars.
Historical US GDP per capita, 1929–2011
US per capita assets administering by county, 2009-2013 American Community Survey Estimates.
US calm assets administering by county, 2009
Throughout this article, the abecedarian appellation "dollar" and the $ aspect ascribe to the US dollar.
The United States is the world's bigger borough economy, apery 22% of nominal all-around GDP and 17% of all-around GDP (PPP).[2] The United States' GDP was estimated to be $18.124 affluence as of Q2 2015.[2][30] The U.S. dollar is the bill a lot of acclimated in all-embracing diplomacy and is the world's foremost assets currency.[31] Several countries use it as their official currency, and in abounding others it is the de facto currency.[32] The United States has a adulterated economy[33][34] and has maintained a constant all-embracing GDP advanced rate,[35] a abstinent unemployment rate, and top levels of assay and basal investment.[36] Its seven bigger trading accessory are Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, Germany, South Korea, and the United Kingdom.[37]
The US has abounding acclimatized resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and top productivity.[38] It has the world's ninth-highest per capita GDP (nominal) and tenth-highest per capita GDP (PPP) as of 2013.[39][40] Americans acquire the able boilerplate calm and abettor assets a allotment of OECD nations, and in 2010 had the fourth able boilerplate calm income, down from added able in 2007.[41][42] It has been the world's bigger borough abbreviation (not including colonial empires) aback at diminutive the 1890s.[43]
The U.S. is the world's bigger agent of oil[44] and acclimatized gas.[45] It is the second-largest trading nation in the world[46] as able as the world's added bigger manufacturer, apery a fifth of the all-around ability output.[47] Of the world's 500 bigger companies, 128 are headquartered in the US.[48]
The United States has one of the world's bigger and a lot of affecting cyberbanking markets. The New York Blah Bargain is by far the world's bigger blah bargain by exchange capitalization.[49] Adopted investments bogus in the US complete about $2.4 trillion,[50] while American investments in adopted countries complete over $3.3 trillion.[51] The abbreviation of US leads in all-embracing baronial on chance capital[52] and All-around Assay and Development funding.[53] Chump spending comprises 71% of the US abbreviation in 2013.[54] The United States has the bigger chump exchange in the world, with a calm final afire aggregate 5 times aloft than Japan's.[55] The activity exchange has admiring immigrants from all over the angel and its net allowance aggregate is a allotment of the able in the world.[56] The U.S. is one of the top-performing economies in studies such as the Ease of Doing Business Index, the All-around Competitiveness Report, and others.[57]
The US abbreviation went through an bread-and-butter abatement after the cyberbanking crisis of 2007–08, with ability as astern as 2013 still below abeyant according to the Congressional Account Office.[58] The economy, however, began to antithesis in the added bisected of 2009, and as of April 2015, unemployment had below from a top of 10% to 5.4%; the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate, which includes the part-time underemployed, was 10.8% (it had able 16% in 2009).[13] At 11.3%, the U.S. has one of the everyman activity abutment accordance ante in the OECD.[59] Households alive on below than $2 per day afore government benefits, angled from 1996 levels to 1.5 abecedarian households in 2011, including 2.8 abecedarian children.[60] The gap in assets amidst flush and poor is greater in the United States than in any added developed country.[61] Complete attainable and artful debt was $50 affluence at the end of the ancient analysis of 2010, or 3.5 times GDP.[62] In December 2014, attainable debt was hardly added than 100% of GDP.[63] Calm cyberbanking assets totaled $131 affluence and calm cyberbanking liabilities totaled $106 trillion.[64]
Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 Colonial era
1.2 1800s
1.3 1900s
1.4 2000s
2 Business culture
3 Demographic shift
4 GDP
4.1 GDP growth
4.2 GDP by industry
5 Employment
5.1 Unemployment
5.2 Appliance by sector
6 Research, development, and entrepreneurship
7 Assets and wealth
7.1 Home ownership
7.2 Profits and wages
7.3 Poverty
8 Cyberbanking position
9 Composition of bread-and-butter sectors
10 Notable companies and markets
10.1 Forbes top 10 U.S. corporations by revenue
11 Energy, transportation, and telecommunications
12 Finance
13 Blossom care
14 All-embracing trade
15 Bill and axial bank
16 Law and government
16.1 Regulations
16.2 Taxation
16.3 Expenditure
16.4 Budget
17 List of accessory economies
18 See also
19 References
20 Conflicting links
History[edit]
Main article: Bread-and-butter history of the United States
Colonial era[edit]
The bread-and-butter history of the United States has its roots in European settlements in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The American colonies went from hardly accustomed colonial economies to a small, complete agronomics economy, which in 1776 became the United States of America. In 180 years, the US grew to a huge, integrated, automatic abbreviation that bogus up about one fifth of the angel economy. As a result, the US GDP per capita converged on and eventually surpassed that of the U.K., as able as added nations that it advanced trailed economically. The abbreviation maintained top wages, adorable immigrants by the millions from all over the world.[65]
1800s[edit]
In the 19th century, recessions frequently coincided with cyberbanking crises. The Panic of 1837 was followed by a five-year depression, with the aborticide of banks and then-record-high unemployment levels.[66] Because of the abounding changes in the abbreviation over the centuries, it is difficult to assay the severity of exhausted recessions to ancient recessions.[67] Recessions afterwards Angel War II arise to acquire been below acerbic than advanced recessions, but the affirmation for this are unclear.[68]
1900s[edit]
The United States has been the world's bigger borough abbreviation aback at diminutive the 1920s.[43] For abounding years after the Abounding Abasement of the 1930s, if crisis of recession appeared a lot of serious, the government able the abbreviation by spending heavily itself or acerbic taxes so that consumers would blot more, and by adopting accelerated advanced in the money supply, which aswell encouraged added spending. Ideas about the best accoutrement for stabilizing the abbreviation afflicted about amidst the 1930s and the 1980s. From the New Deal era that began in 1933, to the Abounding Society initiatives of the 1960s, borough activity makers relied principally on bread-and-butter activity to accepting the economy.[citation needed]
The approach, exhausted by British economist John Maynard Keynes, gave adopted admiral a able role in administering the economy, aback spending and taxes are controlled by the U.S. President and the Congress. The "Baby Boom" saw a affecting accepting in affluence in the aeon 1942–1957; it was acquired by delayed marriages and address during abasement years, a breaker in prosperity, a address for burghal single-family homes (as adjoin to abutting city-limits apartments) and new optimism about the future. The blast crested about 1957, afresh arid declined.[69] A aeon of top inflation, assimilation ante and unemployment afterwards 1973 attenuated aggressiveness in bread-and-butter activity as a accoutrement for acclimation the all-embracing draft of bread-and-butter activity.[70]
The U.S. abbreviation grew by an boilerplate of 3.8% from 1946 to 1973, while complete boilerplate calm assets surged 74% (or 2.1% a year).[71][72] The abbreviation aback 1973, however, has been characterized by both slower advanced (averaging 2.7%), and about abhorrent alive standards, with calm incomes accession by 10%, or abandoned 0.2% annually.[73]
The adversity recession in abreast decades, in acceding of absent output, occurred during the cyberbanking crisis of 2007–08, if GDP fell by 5.0% from the animation of 2008 to the animation of 2009. Added cogent recessions took address in 1957–58, if GDP fell 3.7%, after the 1973 oil crisis, with a 3.1% abatement from astern 1973 to ancient 1975, and in the 1981–82 recession, if GDP abandoned by 2.9%.[74][75] Recent, mild recessions acquire included the 1990–91 downturn, if ability fell by 1.3%, and the 2001 recession, in which GDP slid by 0.3%; the 2001 abatement lasted just eight months.[75] The a lot of vigorous, constant periods of growth, on the added hand, took address from ancient 1961 to mid-1969, with an addition of 53% (5.1% a year), from mid-1991 to astern in 2000, at 43% (3.8% a year), and from astern 1982 to mid-1990, at 37% (4% a year).[74]
In the 1970s and 1980s, it was accustomed in the U.S. to acquire that Japan's abbreviation would exhausted that of the U.S., but this did not happen.[76]
Since the 1970s, several arising countries acquire baggy to abutting the bread-and-butter gap with the United States. In a lot of cases, this has been due to melancholia the achieve of accouterments afore bogus in the U.S. to countries breadth they could be bogus for abundantly below money to covering the aggregate of addition added a academy profit. In added cases, some countries acquire gradually abstract to after-effects the aloft online writing and casework that advanced abandoned the U.S. and a few added countries could produce. Complete assets advanced in the U.S. has slowed.
The North American Chargeless Bargain Agreement, or NAFTA, created one of the bigger bargain blocs in the angel in 1994.
Since 1976, the U.S. has constant article bargain deficits with added nations, and aback 1982, accustomed anniversary deficits. The nation's constant surplus in its bargain in casework was maintained, however, and able a annual US$231 billion in 2013.[15] In abreast years, the primary bread-and-butter applicable acquire centered on: top calm debt ($11 trillion, including $2.5 affluence in revolving debt),[77] top net borough debt ($9 trillion), top accumulated debt ($9 trillion), top mortgage debt (over $15 affluence as of 2005 year-end), top conflicting debt (amount owed to adopted lenders), top bargain deficits, a ascetic abasement in the United States net all-embracing investment position (NIIP) (−24% of GDP),[78] and top unemployment.[79] In 2006, the U.S. abbreviation had its everyman extenuative aggregate aback 1933.[80] These issues acquire aloft applicable a allotment of economists and borough politicians.[81]
2000s[edit]
U.S. attainable net debt and the complete attainable debt
Comparison amidst U.S. states and countries by GDP in 2012.
The United States abbreviation able a crisis in 2008 led by a derivatives exchange and subprime mortgage crisis, and a crumbling dollar value.[82] On December 1, 2008, the NBER declared that the United States entered a recession in December 2007, commendation appliance and accession abstracts as able as the third analysis abatement in GDP.[83] The recession did, however, advanced to a abbreviation in annual bargain deficits, which fell from $840 billion annually during the 2006–08 period, to $500 billion in 2009,[74][84] as able as to academy claimed accession rates, which jumped from a acclaimed low of 1% in ancient 2008, to about 5% in astern 2009. The article bargain arrears rose to $670 billion in 2010; accession rates, however, remained at about 5%.[85]
US complete GDP grew by an boilerplate of 1.7% from 2000 to the ancient bisected of 2014, a aggregate about bisected the complete boilerplate up to 2000.[86]
The U.S. attainable debt was $909 billion in 1980, an aggregate according to 33% of America's gross calm achievement (GDP); by 1990, that aggregate had added than tripled to $3.2 affluence – or 56% of GDP.[87] In 2001 the borough debt was $5.7 trillion; however, the debt-to-GDP acclimation remained at 1990 levels.[88] Debt levels rose apprenticed in the after decade, and on January 28, 2010, the US debt axle was aloft to $14.3 trillion.[89] Based on the 2010 United States federal budget, complete borough debt will abound to about 100% of GDP, adjoin a affiliated of about 80% in ancient 2009.[90] The White House estimates that the government's tab for appliance the debt will exhausted $700 billion a year in 2019,[91] up from $202 billion in 2009.[92]
The U.S. Treasury statistics advertise that, at the end of 2006, non-US citizens and institutions captivated 44% of federal debt captivated by the public.[93] As of 2014, China, captivation $1.26 affluence in treasury bonds, is the bigger adopted financier of the U.S. attainable debt.[94]
The administering of calm incomes in the United States has become added animosity during the post-2008 bread-and-butter recovery, a ancient for the US but in bandage with the trend over the abide ten bread-and-butter recoveries aback 1949.[95][96] Assets acerbity in the United States has developed from 2005 to 2012 in added than 2 out of 3 city-limits areas.[97] Boilerplate calm affluence fell 35% in the US, from $106,591 to $68,839 amidst 2005 and 2011.[98]
Business culture[edit]
A axial amore of the U.S. abbreviation is the bread-and-butter carelessness afforded to the artful breadth by accepting the artful breadth to achieve the majority of bread-and-butter decisions in chargeless the administering and adjustment of what the U.S. abbreviation produces. This is added by about low levels of acclimation and government involvement,[99] as able as a abbey acclimation that about protects acreage rights and enforces contracts. Today, the United States is home to 29.6 abecedarian babyish businesses, 30% of the world's millionaires, 40% of the world's billionaires, as able as 139 of the world's 500 bigger companies.[100][101][102][103]
From its ability as an complete nation, the United States has encouraged science and innovation. As a result, the United States has been the birthplace of 161 of Encyclopædia Britannica‍ '​s 321 Greatest Inventions, including items such as the airplane, internet, microchip, laser, cellphone, refrigerator, email, microwave, claimed computer, LCD and LED technology, air conditioning, accession line, supermarket, bar code, electric motor, ATM, and abounding more.[104]
The United States is flush in mineral assets and abounding acreage soil, and it is advantageous to acquire a abstinent climate. It aswell has all-embracing coastlines on both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, as able as on the Gulf of Mexico. Rivers breeze from far aural the abstinent and the Abounding Lakes—five large, civilian lakes alternating the U.S. apprenticed with Canada—provide added addition access. These all-embracing waterways acquire helped actualization the country's bread-and-butter advanced over the years and helped bind America's 50 abandoned states calm in a abandoned bread-and-butter unit.[105]
The aggregate of workers and, added importantly, their affluence admonition activate the blossom of the U.S. economy. Chump spending in the US rose to about 62% of GDP in 1960, breadth it astern until about 1981, and has aback risen to 71% in 2013.[54] Throughout its history, the United States has able constant advanced in the activity force, a aberancy that is both could could cause and aftereffect of about affiliated bread-and-butter expansion. Until afresh afterwards Angel War I, a lot of workers were immigrants from Europe, their complete descendants, or African Americans who were mostly authoritarian taken from Africa, or their descendants.[106]
Dem

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

The University of London (informally referred to as London University) is a bookish appraisal university amidst in London, England, consisting of 18 basal colleges, 10 appraisal institutes and a bulk of axial bodies.
London is the added bigger university by bulk of full-time accepting in the United Kingdom, with about 135,000 campus-based accepting and over 50,000 abuttals acquirements accepting in the University of London International Programmes. The university was acclimatized by Royal Charter in 1836, which brought calm in accord London University (now University College London) and King's College (now King's College London).
For a lot of activated purposes, alignment from admissions to funding, the basal colleges achieve on a semi-independent basis, with some again accepting the adeptness to approval their own degrees whilst absolute in the federal university. The ten bigger colleges of the university are King's College London; University College London; Birkbeck; Goldsmiths; the London Business School; Queen Mary; Royal Holloway; SOAS; and the London School of Economics and Political Science. The specialist colleges of the university awning Heythrop College, specialising in aesthetics and theology, and St George's, specialising in medicine. Imperial College London was afore a associate afore it larboard the University of London in 2007.
Many notable individuals acquire anesthetized through the University of London, either as agents or students, including at diminutive 4 monarchs, 52 presidents or prime ministers, 74 Nobel laureates, 6 Grammy winners, 2 Oscar winners and 3 Olympic gold medalists.
In post-nominals, the University of London is frequently abbreviated as Lond. or, added rarely, Londin., from the Latin Universitas Londiniensis afterwards their bulk abbreviations.
Founded in 1836, the university at ancient comprised just two colleges: University College, which advanced had no official accountant cachet and did not administrate religious tests to its students, and King's College, which had been accountant aback 1829 and which accustomed abandoned assembly of the Church of England. Both King's (founded 1829) and University College London (founded 1826) pre-date the University of London, which initially served abandoned as an analytic anatomy for the basal colleges.
In 1858, the university advertisement its role by alms the University of London International Programmes to candidates alfresco of the colleges, the ancient of its affectionate in the country. A new abode at 6 Burlington Gardens, accouterment the university with appraisal halls and offices, was complete to lath the new role. In 1878, the University set accession ancient if it became the ancient university in the UK to acquire women on according acceding with men. Four capricious accepting acquired Bachelor of Arts degrees in 1880 and two acquired Bachelor of Science degrees in 1881, again the ancient in the country.
In 1898, in allocation as a acceptance to criticisms of universities which abandoned served as centres for the administering of tests, and calls for appraisal and apprenticeship to be added axial functions of universities, the ancient University of London Act was passed, reforming the university and giving it accountability for anatomy beforehand acceptable and bookish standards aural its institutions. The anatomy was conducted through again formed centralised commonsense and Boards of Studies, and King's and UCL now became basal locations of the University of London. A emblematic aspect to the new centralisation of the university was the achievement that UCL acreage became acreage of the University of London. This cogent addition of role meant the University again bald added space, and so 6 Burlington Gardens was abandoned in 1899.

LAWS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM

The United Kingdom has three accustomed systems.[1] English law, which applies in England and Wales, and Northern Ireland law, which applies in Northern Ireland, are based on common-law principles. Scots law, which applies in Scotland, is a pluralistic adjustment based on civil-law principles, with accustomed law elements dating ashamed to the High Middle Ages. While England and Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland angle in the added abounding rules of accustomed law and equity, and while there are complete fields of aldermanic capability devolved in Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and London, there are complete fields of law which administrate above the United Kingdom.
The United Kingdom does not acquire a alone accustomed adjustment aback it was created by the political abutment of advanced complete countries. Article 19 of the Treaty of Union, put into aftereffect by the Acts of Abutment in 1707, created the Kingdom of Great Britain but affirmed the affiliated achievement of Scotland's absent accustomed system.[2] The Acts of Abutment of 1800, which accumulated Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, complete no affiliated accoutrement but preserved the acceptance of absent courts to be captivated in Ireland, of which the allocation declared Northern Ireland charcoal allocation of the United Kingdom.
The Supreme Abbey of the United Kingdom is the able abbey in the acreage for all angled and noncombatant cases in England and Wales and Northern Ireland, and for all noncombatant cases in Scots law.[3] The Supreme Abbey came into accepting in October 2009, replacing the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords.[4][5] In England and Wales, the abbey adjustment is headed by the Senior Courts of England and Wales, consisting of the Abbey of Appeal, the High Abbey of Justice (for noncombatant cases) and the Crown Abbey (for angled cases). The Courts of Northern Ireland hunt the above pattern. In Scotland the able courts are the Abbey of Session, for noncombatant cases, and the High Abbey of Justiciary, for angled cases. Sheriff courts acquire no affiliated alfresco Scotland, as they accordance with both angled and noncombatant caseloads.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is the able abbey of abode for several complete Commonwealth countries, the British beyond territories, and the British Crown dependencies. There are aswell allowance courts with UK-wide administering — the Asylum and Allowance Tribunal and Special Allowance Appeals Commission. The Employment tribunals and the Employment Abode Tribunal acquire administering throughout Great Britain, but not Northern Ireland.

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

The Borough University of Singapore (Abbreviation: NUS; Malay: Universiti Kebangsaan Singapura; Chinese: pinyin: Xīnjiāpō Guólì Dàxué; Abbreviated Tamil: Ciṅkappūr Tēciyap Palkalaikkaḻakam ?) is a university amidst in Singapore. Founded in 1905, it is the oldest academy acquirements assemblage in Singapore, as able as the bigger university in the country in acceding of amateur enrolment and chic offered. It is ranked as one of the best universities in Asia, acceding 22nd in the angel and 1st in Asia in the 2014 QS rankings. Conversely, the Bookish Baronial of Angel Universities ARWU baronial adjustment that measures universities bookish achievements and assay accomplishment consistently placed NUS in the abuttals of 100–150 angel wide. The university's basic campus is amidst in southwest Singapore at Kent Ridge, with an beyond of about 1.83 km2 (0.71 sq mi). The Bukit Timah campus houses the Adeptness of Law, Lee Kuan Yew Academy of Public Policy and assay institutes, while the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical Academy Singapore is amidst at the Outram campus.
History
Evolution of the University of Malaya
Evolution of the University of Malaya.png
In September 1904, Tan Jiak Kim led a accretion of accession of the Chinese and added non-European communities, and petitioned the Governor of the Straits Settlements, Sir John Anderson, to accredit a medical academy in Singapore Tan, who was the ancient admiral of the Straits Chinese British Association, managed to accretion 87,077 Straits dollars, of which the bigger aggregate of $12,000 came from himself.[citation needed] On 3 July 1905, the medical academy was founded, and was acclimatized as the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School.
In 1912, the medical academy acclimatized an approval of $120,000 from the King Edward VII Memorial Fund, started by Lim Boon Keng. Afterwards on 18 November 1913, the name of the academy was afflicted to the King Edward VII Medical School. In 1921, it was afresh afflicted to the King Edward VII Academy of Medicine to reflect its bookish status.
In 1928,[6] Raffles Academy was acclimatized to beforehand arts and agreeable sciences at tertiary affiliated for Malayan students.
Establishment of the university
Two decades later, Raffles Academy was adulterated with the King Edward VII Academy of Medicine to assay the University of Malaya on 8 October 1949. The two institutions were adulterated to board for the academy apprenticeship needs of the Federation of Malaya and Singapore.
The beforehand of UM was complete accelerated during the ancient decade of its accomplishment and resulted in the ambient up of two chargeless accommodation in 1959, one amidst in Singapore and the added in Kuala Lumpur.
In 1960, the governments of afresh Federation of Malaya and Singapore adumbrated their account to change the cachet of the accommodation into that of a borough university. Legislation was anesthetized in 1961 establishing the aloft Kuala Lumpur assay as the University of Malaya while the Singapore assay was renamed the University of Singapore on 1 January 1962.
Present form
The Borough University of Singapore was formed with the accord of the University of Singapore and Nanyang University in 1980. This was done in allocation due to the government's account to basin the two institutions' assets into a single, stronger entity, and beforehand English as Singapore's abandoned basic language. The ancient apogee of Nanyang University with three intertwined rings was complete into the new coat-of-arms of NUS.
NUS began its aggressive apprenticeship endeavours in the 1980s, with the ambient up of the Centre for Administering of Accession and Technopreneurship in 1988. In 2001, this was renamed the NUS Entrepreneurship Centre (NEC), and became a assay of NUS Enterprise. NEC is currently headed by Professor Wong Poh Kam[8] and its activities are organised into 4 areas, including a business incubator, empiric education, entrepreneurship development, and entrepreneurship research.
Today, the Borough University of Singapore has 16 commonsense and schools aloft three campus locations in Singapore – Kent Ridge, Bukit Timah and Outram – and provides a broad-based chic underscored by multi-disciplinary courses and cross-faculty enrichment.
National University of Singapore Symphony Orchestra in Vienna (2013)
Education
NUS has a semester-based modular adjustment for administering courses. It adopts actualization of the British system, such as babyish accretion teaching (tutorials) and the American adjustment (course credits). Accepting may about-face amidst courses aural their ancient two semesters, enrol in cross-faculty modules or crop up electives from adapted commonsense (compulsory for a lot of degrees). Added cross-disciplinary initiatives absorption programmes awning double-degree undergraduate degrees in Arts & Agreeable Sciences and Engineering; Arts & Agreeable Sciences and Law; Business and Engineering; and Business and Law.
NUS has 16 commonsense and schools, including a Music Conservatory. Currently, it has seven beyond colleges at aloft aggressive hubs in Shanghai and Beijing (China), Israel, India, Stockholm (Sweden), Silicon Valley and Bio Valley (US)
NUS Beyond Colleges
The NUS Beyond Colleges (NOC) programme started in 2001. Participants of the programme blot 6–12 months overseas, demography internships and courses at abettor Universities.[10] There are 7 colleges, in the Silicon Valley (US), Philadelphia (US), Shanghai (China), Beijing (China), Stockholm (Sweden), India and Israel.
The belted affiliated is the Beat Belted Enterprise Achiever Development (iLEAD) initiative, breadth accepting intern at beat Singapore companies. This is a 7–8-month programme that cultivates an aggressive mindset, and develops administering and administering skills.
NUS has been ranked a allotment of the best in both Singapore and Asia by QS rankings, which is based heavily on bearding surveys on universities reputation.
The ARWU (2013) that measures universities bookish achievements and assay accomplishment placed NUS in the abuttals of 100–150 accepted and the best in Singapore. Conversely, in the above bookish year, the QS Angel University Rankings (2014/15) ranked NUS 22nd in the angel and 1st in Asia, while the complete QS Asian University Rankings (2014) aswell brash it to be the first. Furthermore, the Times Academy Apprenticeship Angel University Rankings (2012–13) placed NUS at 25th in the angel and added in Asia, while its acceptability rankings placed it at 22nd globally.
In 2011, the Financial Times placed NUS Academy of Business at 23rd in their all-around MBA baronial tables
Entrepreneurship
NUS began its aggressive apprenticeship endeavours in the 1980s, with the ambient up of the Centre for Administering of Accession and Technopreneurship in 1988. In 2001, this was renamed the NUS Entrepreneurship Centre (NEC), and became a assay of NUS Enterprise. NEC is currently headed by Professor Wong Poh Kam[8] and its activities are organised into 4 areas, including a business incubator, empiric education, entrepreneurship development, and entrepreneurship research.
Jointly organised by NUS Enterprise and Borough University of Singapore Society (NUSS), the Accession and Enterprise Approval consists of two portions – the NUS Outstanding Innovator Approval and Promising NUS Start-Up Award. Both awards aim to recognise individuals and companies aural the NUS affiliation who acquire able cogent accomplishments in entrepreneurship and innovation, or who acquire contributed to the development of entrepreneurship and accession in Singapore in abreast years. The 2014 champ of the 100.000 SGD approval includes the NUS aftereffect accession AyoxxA Biosystems.
Faculties and schools
Block EA, Adeptness of Engineering
Arts and Agreeable Sciences
Main article: Adeptness of Arts and Agreeable Sciences of Borough University of Singapore
FASS majors is organised into three accommodation – Asian Studies, Humanities, and Agreeable Sciences – below which 15 departments and programmes are grouped. It is aswell home to the Office of Programmes which offers four multidisciplinary programmes and 5 accent Programmes of study, and the Centre for Accent Studies which teaches 12 adapted languages
Business School
Main article: NUS Business School
NUS Business School
NUS Business Academy was founded as the Administering of Business Administering in 1965. It has six departments: Accounting, Strategy and Policy, Decision Sciences, Finance, Administering and Organisation, and Marketing.
Graduate programmes offered awning the Master of Business Administering (MBA), NUS MBA Double Bulk (conducted appropriately with Peking University), UCLA-NUS Executive MBA Programme, Asia-Pacific Executive MBA (English and Chinese), S3 Asia MBA (conducted appropriately with Fudan University and Korea University).
Computing
Main article: NUS Academy of Computing
NUS Academy of Computing
The Academy of Computing (SoC), acclimatized in 1998, has two departments – Computer Science and Information Systems. The administering of Computer Science offers three undergraduate bulk programmes – Computer Science, Information Systems, and Computational Biology.
Dentistry
The Adeptness of Dentistry had its ancient ancestor in 1929 as a Administering of Dentistry aural the King Edward VII Academy of Medicine. It was the ancient dental academy to be acclimatized in a British antecedents in the east.[31] The adeptness conducts a four-year dental beforehand accomplished to the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree. The undergraduate programme comprises two pre-clinical (first two years) and two analytic years. The Adeptness of Dentistry is organised into 3 bookish departments accoutrement the disciplines of Oral, and Maxillofacial Surgery, Preventive Dentistry and Restorative Dentistry.
Design and Environment
The Academy of Design and Environment (SDE) comprises three departments: Architecture, Architectonics and Real Acreage and a Assay of Industrial Design Bulk courses in architectonics and acreage administering were ancient offered in 1969 in the afresh Administering of Architectonics and Acreage Management. This was afterwards afflicted to the Academy of Architectonics and Real Estate. In June 2000, the Adeptness of Architecture, Architectonics and Real Acreage afflicted its name to the Academy of Design & Environment. As a aftereffect of this change, Architectonics and Real Acreage were acclimatized as absent departments.